THE INTERNET OF THINGS
• Internet: Email → Web → IoT
• Devices: Mainframe → Mini → PC → IoT
• Where people and things are connected
• Related issues:
Open data
Security and privacy (not everyone wants certain things shared)
Machine intelligence (Things can be fully automated. Can get out of control)
• Scope today: “Smart objects”, connectivity (creating smart objects and linking them)
• IoT: growth in many areas
Industrial
Energy
Buildings
Consumer and home
Security
IT
Health
Transportation

IoT EVOLUTION
• Discoverable devices
• Devices online
• Devices controllable
• Devices interoperable
• Smart devices - “barcodes” that phones can read

Pachube doesn't include external services e.g. tweeting, emailing results, etc.

WHAT IS PACHUBE?
• Cloud based aggregation service.
• An Application Programming Interface (API)
• A website based on that API
• You can create and manage your own feeds.
Sensors (e.g. thermometer, power meter)
Actuators (control something)
• Use apps for visualisation and control
graphs, dashboards (web and phone)
• All of these done by API not website. Website is just a host.

KEY CHARACTERISTICS
• Open API:
Free
Don't have to sign any license agreements
• Ability to handle large volume of data
• Searchable
• Sharable
• Built-in privacy controls (data could be dangerous to share)
• Range of data formats
• Large number of connected devices
• Great user community

FEED: Collection of things that relate to each other.

DATASTREAM: Each individual thing.

WIDGET: Pre-written piece of code that picks up data e.g. site visitors

THE API
• Basic API (GET/PUT)
GET: takes the data, e.g. using an Arduino board to “get” temperature (the sensor)
PUT: puts the data into the website e.g. use a phone to switch a light on through Pachube (the actuator)
• Representational State Transfer (REST)
• Data formats and metadata
• Security and privacy
• Triggers – making something happen
• History – what happened previously
• Sockets and websockets
• Apps

METADATA: Data about data.

• Devices you can use:
Arduino board
Digi
Open gear
Nanode
MBED

IMPORTANCE
• Anyone can put up a sensor, right?
• “Internet of Silos” (lots of people building their own solutions without linking them) vs API standards
• IoT growth is about:
availability of data
low cost of implementation
diversity/cross-sector capability
all of which Pachube does

WHO'S USING IT?
• Power monitoring/management
• Home automation
• Environmental monitoring
• Radiation monitoring
• General automation